Complications usually appear within one day to 1 month after injection and are usually acute, transient, and self-limiting, but in severe cases lead to hospitalization and intensive care. Therefore, physicians and personnel of medical centers related to these patients should recognize these complications and intervene as soon as possible.Īccording to reports published in the VAERS database, COVID-19 vaccines have several local and systemic neurological complications that occur in different people, from mild to severe, depending on age, sex, history of the disease, and pre-existing immunity. VST is the most severe disorder that should be diagnosed and controlled immediately. According to data from the CDC, VAERS, and EMA databases, the short-term outcome of COVID-19 vaccination is promising, but in the medium and long term, especially with some vaccines, side effects have been reported that are worrisome. It is necessary to pay attention to the fact that in mass vaccination, due to different races, disease history, age, lifestyle, and other effective factors, the incidence of adverse effects of vaccination is higher.

īecause COVID-19 vaccines are urgently approved, meaning they do not complete the standard clinical trials, the adverse effects of each vaccine should be closely monitored. Vaccines have always been known to be the most effective and safest drugs however, different side effects have been identified for them, for example, the link between influenza, hepatitis, and HPV vaccines with demyelinating syndromes has been discovered, and the injection of influenza vaccine is a reason for the incidence of narcolepsy in young people.

Because the results of the phase 4 studies are the proper criteria for how the vaccine works in the real world. However, in order to prove the effectiveness of the vaccine in terms of safety and side effects, the implementation of phase 4 of clinical studies is necessary. As of November 2021, 11 candidate vaccines for COVID-19 have been approved by the World Health Organization for mass vaccination after leaving phase 3 of clinical studies. In vaccines containing inactive or protein viruses, virus particles and proteins, as antigens, trigger the immune system.

These viral proteins are eventually identified as antigens and stimulate antibody production. In nucleic acid and adenovirus-based vaccines, fragments of the virus mRNA or genome enter human cells and induce the production of viral proteins. There are four major strategies for producing COVID-19 vaccines, including nucleic acid-based vaccine (DNA–mRNA), viral vector (replication–non-replication), live inactivated (or attenuated) virus, and protein (spike protein or its subunits). Also, approximately 68.2% of the world's population has been fully vaccinated against this disease. In early 2021, the first vaccines were introduced to stop the pandemic. As of November 2022, 630.3 million people have been diagnosed with COVID-19 and 6.58 million deaths worldwide, according to WHO figures. This virus is known to cause widespread lung infection and hypoxia. Following that situation in 2020, the World Health Organization had to declare a global health emergency.

A virus that was much more contagious than SARS Covid-1 and spread to different parts of the world in a short time. In December 2019, the SARS Covid-2 virus was introduced to the world. Herein, we have provided a comprehensive review of documents reporting neurological side effects of COVID-19 vaccines in international databases from 2020 to 2022 and discussed neurological disorders possibly caused by vaccination. These effects are often acute and transient, but they can be severe and even fatal in a few cases. The most important and common complications are cerebrovascular disorders including cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, transient ischemic attack, intracerebral hemorrhage, ischemic stroke, and demyelinating disorders including transverse myelitis, first manifestation of MS, and neuromyelitis optica. According to these reports, vaccination can have an adverse event, especially on nervous system. At the same time, there are many reports of side effects after getting a COVID-19 vaccine. Following the COVID-19 virus epidemic, extensive, coordinated international research has led to the rapid development of effective vaccines. Although vaccines are now considered the best way to achieve collective safety and control mortality, due to the critical situation, these vaccines have been issued the emergency use licenses and some of their potential subsequence side effects have been overlooked.

Moderna vaccine side effect